Each valve was operated by its own cam, simplifying valve train geometry.One carburetor fed both front and rear cylinders. Both connecting rods shared a common crank pin, referred to as a 'knife and fork' design.

M.Sportster History Classic Motorcycle Build.Sportster History (1966-1979)When Harley-Davidson bolted their new overhead-valve motor to the frame in 1957, the Sportster legend began.The 883cc displacement (advertised as 900cc) was derived from a 3.81' stroke and a 3.00' bore.

Interactive Java applet showing behavior of a Carnot engine.Hyperphysics article on the Carnot cycle.'Revisiting The Second Law of Energy Degradation and Entropy Generation: From Sadi Carnot's Ingenious Reasoning to Holistic Generalization'. Kittel, Charles Kroemer, Herbert (1980).Halliday, David Resnick, Robert (1978).(1910) The Steam-Engine and Other Engines edition 3, page 62, via Internet Archive Carnot, Sadi, Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire.'Cycling Tames Power Fluctuations near Optimum Efficiency'. ^ Holubec Viktor and Ryabov Artem (2018).College Physics: Reasoning and Relationships. ^ Nicholas Giordano (13 February 2009).The first prototype of the diesel engine was based on the Carnot cycle. This can help illustrate, for example, why a reheater or a regenerator can improve the thermal efficiency of steam power plants-and why the thermal efficiency of combined-cycle power plants (which incorporate gas turbines operating at even higher temperatures) exceeds that of conventional steam plants. For other less efficient cycles, 〈 T H〉 will be lower than T H, and 〈 T C〉 will be higher than T C. In the real world, this may be difficult to achieve since the cold reservoir is often an existing ambient temperature.įor the Carnot cycle, or its equivalent, the average value 〈 T H〉 will equal the highest temperature available, namely T H, and 〈 T C〉 the lowest, namely T C. Looking at this formula an interesting fact becomes apparent: Lowering the temperature of the cold reservoir will have more effect on the ceiling efficiency of a heat engine than raising the temperature of the hot reservoir by the same amount. Rearranging the right side of the equation gives what may be a more easily understood form of the equation, namely that the theoretical maximum efficiency of a heat engine equals the difference in temperature between the hot and cold reservoir divided by the absolute temperature of the hot reservoir. A corollary to Carnot's theorem states that: All reversible engines operating between the same heat reservoirs are equally efficient. Thus, Equation 3 gives the maximum efficiency possible for any engine using the corresponding temperatures. Carnot's theorem is a formal statement of this fact: No engine operating between two heat reservoirs can be more efficient than a Carnot engine operating between those same reservoirs.

Cycle de carno exercices